Analysis and Treatment of Common Faults in Belt Conveyors

Belt conveyors have a relatively wide range of functions and are generally used for conveying solid materials such as granular, block, and bulk, as well as other packaged goods. Belt conveyors have been widely used in industrial production since their inception, especially in today's large mining enterprises. Overall, belt conveyors can effectively assist in the efficient operation of the production process. Meanwhile, the stable and efficient operation of the equipment requires daily maintenance and management work. This article mainly analyzes the common faults in belt conveyors and proposes reasonable solutions.

Belt conveyors are also known as belt conveyors or belt conveyors. According to its actual conveying capacity, it can be effectively divided into types such as lightweight belt conveyors suitable for assembly line production and heavy-duty belt conveyors for materials. At the same time, belt conveyors also have the following advantages: not only are their structures relatively simple, but their actual operating costs are also relatively low. However, various faults are inevitable during its actual operation, so it is necessary to attach importance to the analysis and effective handling of faults.

1. Belt composition and type
Belt conveyor mainly consists of several parts such as conveyor belt, frame, and transmission device. Belt conveyors have relatively different styles, mainly divided into groove belt conveyors, flat belt conveyors, and climbing belt conveyors. Based on the belt, they can be further divided into multiple types such as dual speed dual transport belt conveyors and canvas core belt conveyors.

2.Advantages and development status of belt conveyor application

2.1 Application advantages
Belt conveyors can perform unlimited amounts of work for long periods of time. The use of relatively high-quality raw materials can ensure that the belt conveyor can gradually achieve the transportation goals under long-term wear and tear, but maintenance and upkeep of the belt conveyor cannot be ignored in this process. Belt conveyors have relatively high performance stability, which can effectively ensure the quality of actual transportation and promote continuous improvement of work efficiency. On the other hand, the structure of the belt conveyor itself is relatively simple, the relevant steps of operation are also relatively simple, and the actual professional requirements for technical personnel are relatively low. The work related to cleaning and maintenance is also very simple.

2.2 Application Development
In previous applications related to traditional belt transportation, its main advantages were high load-bearing capacity and excellent wear resistance, which also provided convenient basic conditions for industrial transportation. At present, the structure of most belt conveyors is relatively simple, mainly including three major components: internal drive, cleaning device, and transmission belt, which can ensure that the belt conveyor is always in a relatively long operating process. In the future development process, the development of belt conveyors will gradually expand to a wider range of prospects.

3.Common faults of belt conveyors
No matter what device it is, there will be some malfunctions during the application process. As for belt conveyors, their main faults generally include the following aspects.

3.1 Deviation fault
The so-called deviation fault mainly refers to the relative deviation of the belt of the belt conveyor, and there is a relatively serious deviation between the theoretical central axis and the actual longitudinal center of transportation. Once this phenomenon occurs, it will scatter the material. If the situation is serious, it can cause relatively serious belt wear or tear. If we delve deeper into the causes of this phenomenon, we can generally start from the following aspects: first, there are quality issues with the conveyor belt. The material used in the conveyor belt is not uniform enough, which can lead to relatively serious uneven force distribution in practical applications, resulting in deviation. Secondly, at the end of the adjustment of the tape, relatively obvious stretching can lead to severe edge wear or deformation; On the other hand, due to the influence of phenomena such as excessive loads, it can also lead to certain deviation phenomena. Finally, during the installation process, if the centerline of the drum axis at the tail and head of the machine is not vertical enough, it is also prone to relatively serious deviation.

3.2 Abnormal noise phenomena
If a belt conveyor experiences relatively abnormal noise during actual transportation, it can be preliminarily determined that it has a certain fault. And this type of malfunction is mainly caused by relatively serious eccentricity of the roller, or abnormal noise caused by serious short shaft problems in the reducer.

3.3 Short belt life
During the operation of a belt conveyor, the proportion of the belt occupied is relatively large, and its material and specific usage will have a great impact on the actual service life of the belt. Based on this, it is necessary to make a reasonable and correct selection of the cleaner, so that it can truly play its role and fully ensure that there are no foreign objects on the surface of the return belt of the belt conveyor. If there is material on the belt, it will enter the drive system with the operation of the belt, causing serious adverse effects on the belt.

4.Countermeasures for Solving Belt Conveyor Faults

4.1 Countermeasures for handling deviation faults
In the process of handling this fault, it is necessary to give it relatively sufficient attention and actively seek reasonable solutions. Firstly, select the belt material with excellent quality. Conduct thorough and in-depth market research, compare products from multiple manufacturers, and search for manufacturers with high production capacity and level to purchase adhesive tape. Before carrying out installation work, a detailed review should also be conducted to identify non-conforming products. Secondly, it is necessary to fully control the accuracy of the installation of the conveyor and actively carry out daily maintenance work. During the actual installation process, it is necessary to strictly control the installation quality of each link, and carry out the installation work according to actual standards and requirements. In short, it is necessary to control the flatness of the installation in place. Finally, for the phenomenon of belt deviation caused by overloading related issues, it is necessary to pay special attention to the main causes, actively follow the actual laws to control the actual tension of the belt reasonably, and ensure that both ends of the belt can always maintain the same degree of tightness. At the same time, attention should also be paid to partially cutting the belt that has already undergone deformation, and then carrying out relevant adhesive work to make up for this deviation as much as possible.

4.2 Countermeasures for handling noise anomalies
It is necessary to ensure that the belt conveyor is in a relatively normal operating condition, and close attention must be paid to it. If any abnormal noise is found during transportation, it should be handled and analyzed in detail. Generally, it can be addressed from the following aspects: first, if there is abnormal noise but it does not affect the actual damage of the bearing, it can continue to be put into subsequent operation. However, if the bearing is damaged, its corresponding parts should be replaced in a timely manner. Secondly, after the occurrence of noise, it is necessary to timely and effectively adjust the actual orientation of the motor reducer to minimize the occurrence of tape breakage and other related phenomena. Once again, it is necessary to carry out relatively regular maintenance and upkeep on the various components of the belt conveyor to ensure that it can always be in normal operating condition, and to minimize the occurrence of noise as much as possible. Finally, it is necessary to make reasonable adjustments to the Tokun group.

4.3 Countermeasures for Extending Belt Life
Regarding the issue of belt lifespan, it is necessary to select belts that meet the requirements of China's production and construction standards in accordance with relevant regulations, and the most important thing is to focus on inspecting the meticulous work of the belts. Before assembly or selection work, it is necessary to check whether there are cracks or aging related phenomena above the belt, in order to minimize the probability of adverse effects on subsequent use. The most important thing is to do a good job in daily maintenance and upkeep, fully ensuring the cleanliness of the belt.

5 Conclusion
In summary, belt transportation plays a significant role in industrial production and construction processes. And its structure and operation are relatively simple, which can fully meet the needs of production and construction, and continuously promote the efficient operation of industrial production activities. In actual operations or daily maintenance, it is important to actively identify potential faults and propose targeted and effective solutions. Overall, the faults mainly include deviation faults, abnormal noise, and long service life, and reasonable solutions have been proposed to address these issues.