Installation Operation Key Points of 5 Devices of Belt Conveyor and Precautions for Daily Maintenance

Belt conveyors are widely used in many fields such as ports, mines, metallurgy, power, building materials, coal, and power plants. To give full play to the advantages and functions of belt conveyor equipment, it is necessary to install each part rationally and do a good job in daily maintenance to ensure good operating performance.

1. Installation sequence of belt conveyor

It is necessary to clarify the installation sequence of the main body of the belt conveyor. First, install the head frame, then the intermediate frame, and finally the tail frame.
Before installing the frame, it is necessary to clarify the position of the conveyor. Generally, the conveyor runs on a fixed straight line. When installing all sections of the frame, it is necessary to ensure that the distance between the conveyor and the central position is consistent, and the longitudinal horizontal inclination angle of the belt conveyor is always within the specified range. The error of a single row of frames should always be controlled within 0.1mm to ensure the stability of the conveyor operation.
When placing a single-section frame, it is necessary to clarify the placement position of the frame. Only after confirmation can the frames be connected together. After the connection is completed, it is also necessary to ensure that the firmness of the frame installation is always within the specified range, and strictly check the distance between the frame and the central position. 

2. Installation key points of belt conveyor

2.1 Installation of the head frame

The installation of the head frame is directly related to whether the belt conveyor can operate smoothly and safely. To effectively exert the normal performance of the belt conveyor, it is necessary to reasonably position the installation position of the bracket before installing the head to ensure that the head frame part and the belt conveyor are on the same straight line and occupy the central position, so as to ensure that the belt conveyor can operate more stably and evenly.
When specifically installing the head frame, it is necessary to keep the conveying distance between each section equal. At the same time, all bracket sections are in the longitudinal central position and on the same straight line. After the head frame is installed, it is necessary to strictly inspect the longitudinal transportation inclination angle and horizontal position of the conveyor to ensure that the position meets the relevant standards and the inclination height is reasonable.
During the installation process, it is necessary to ensure that the overall centerline error of the conveyor does not exceed 35mm, and the centerline corresponding to a single row of frames should ensure that the error per meter is within ±0.1mm.

2.2 Installation of the driving device

The driving device is the core device of the fixed belt conveyor during actual operation. To ensure the safe and effective operation of the equipment, it is necessary to fully grasp the actual installation key points of the driving device.
First of all, when installing the driving device, it is necessary to comprehensively check the centrality of the belt conveyor to ensure that the centerline of the belt conveyor and the transmission shaft are at a right angle. On this basis, ensure the high stability of the belt conveyor operation.
To ensure that the conveyor always maintains a balanced running state when the driving device generates driving force, during the installation, it is necessary to pay attention to keeping the widthwise centerline of the driving drum coincident with the overall centerline of the conveyor to ensure that the left and right driving forces of the driving device are balanced.
During the acceleration operation of the belt conveyor, the belt is prone to deviation. Therefore, in order to minimize the error incidence to the greatest extent, it is necessary to ensure the parallelism of the reducer and the transmission shaft during the installation.
After the driving device is installed, the operator needs to comprehensively inspect the whole machine and conduct a trial run test to ensure that all parts of the equipment meet the relevant standards and regulations, and the deviation of the shaft of the driving device on a horizontal straight line is within 0.5 - 1.5mm.

2.3 Installation of the idler

During the actual operation of the fixed belt conveyor, the idler plays an important role. It is necessary to strictly control the installation quality of the idler to ensure the normal operation of the conveyor and extend the service life of the equipment to a certain extent. When installing the idler, first install the idlers in each part, and then install the upper and lower idler frames to enable the belt to change direction during operation.
During the installation of the idler, it is necessary to control the installation spacing. Generally, the installation spacing is 1/3 - 1/2 of the normal idler frame. After the idler is installed, it is necessary to strictly check the belt to ensure that the belt can rotate flexibly and the idler frame has high stability.

2.4 Installation of the tensioning device

During the installation of the belt conveyor, a reasonable installation of the tensioning device can effectively compensate for the plastic and elastic deformation of the conveyor belt, ensure that the conveyor belt maintains sufficient tension, and prevent the belt conveyor from slipping during operation.
When installing the tensioning device, first comprehensively check the device to ensure that there are no broken wires, rust, etc. in its steel wire rope, and ensure that the conveyor belt is not slack.
Ensure that the installation position is reasonable. Generally, this device needs to be installed at the unloaded branch close to the driving drum to ensure that the conveyor does not slip when starting or braking. In order to minimize the tensioning force to the greatest extent, try to install the tensioning device at the part where the conveyor belt tension is the smallest.

2.5 Installation of the protection device

The anti-slip protection device is installed on the return belt of the belt conveyor. For a fixed belt conveyor, the anti-slip protection device is installed between the head unloading drum and the driving drum.
The material piling protection is installed at the lap joint of two belt conveyors. The protection contact should be hung in front of the unloading drum, and the hanging height of the protection contact should not be higher than the lower edge of the unloading drum.
The deviation protection is installed in pairs, and one set is installed at the head and tail of the conveyor respectively. It is fixed on the belt conveyor frame with a special bracket.
The temperature sensor is installed near the driving drum of the belt conveyor. The temperature probe should be closely attached to the outer wall of the main drum.

3. Operation and maintenance of belt conveyor

Various faults may occur during the operation of the belt conveyor, which is very unfavorable to normal production. It is necessary to regularly carry out operation and maintenance on the belt conveyor. The main contents of the operation and maintenance of the belt conveyor include the following aspects:

3.1 Check the operation status of the idler

If the idler malfunctions during operation, it will cause the belt to deviate or spill materials.

3.2 Check the integrity of the belt

If the belt is worn during the material transportation process and there are damages in local areas, it may lead to a belt breakage accident. When the belt is damaged, the damaged part of the belt needs to be cut off and reconnected.

3.3 Check whether there is water spraying on the belt

Since the belt conveyor transports over a relatively long distance, water spraying may occur in some areas, which may cause the belt conveyor to slip during operation. If not handled in time, the slipping is likely to cause a belt breakage accident.

3.4 Check whether there is material spilling on the operation line of the belt conveyor

If there is a problem of excessive material spillage and accumulation in a local area, it indicates that the belt conveyor has a material spillage fault. At this time, it is necessary to check the fault situation and deal with it to avoid more serious belt accidents.
Generally speaking, the purpose of correctly installing, reasonably operating, and maintaining the belt conveyor is to avoid unnecessary problems, detect possible faults, and deal with the existing faults. This can minimize the impact caused by belt conveyor faults and improve the economic benefits of enterprises.